In the Jewish and early Christian scriptures, the ‘Messiah/seed/new-Adam’ figure was God’s agent to heal the world of its ills. The Jews looked for him; the Christians believed he was Jesus. Today I discovered a note I made some time ago about this, regarding the role of the legal system: “It is God who incarnates the Messiah/seed/new-Adam figure, not the Law.”
This is an important observation for those interested in working out what part ‘Christian morality’ should play in our modern legal system.
My note is based mostly on St Paul’s argument about the insufficiency of Israel’s theocratic legal system (Romans 8). He says that Isreal’s legal system could not do the work of the Messiah, because it was unable to forge from mankind any representative that was faithful to God’s basic intent. Put in other words, Israel’s laws couldn’t create any real hope for the future of humanity: all they could do is show up our weaknesses.
Righto. But Paul goes on to say that, what the Law could not do, God did: sending Jesus as the representative and hope of humanity. And in Jesus’ resurrection, we saw humanity go to death and come out the other side.
So – it is in Jesus, not the law (and not even a theocratic Law) in which we find our real hope.
Therefore, Christians concerned about the failure of the law to reflect “God’s standards” may rest easy. Whatever the laws made by our present governments, God’s character and holiness has already been firmly and fully expressed in Jesus. This burden of expresison no longer falls to any legal system.
What then is the law? Well, in my view, it is a mechanism to allow people to develop their full humanity: aiming at the good and countering the evil. It is a tool for restoration, for justice, a means to help reduce the sum total of injustice rather than an expression or enforcement of perfect public and personal morality. Put another way, a modern legal system provides the practical room and direction for the redemption that Jesus has already secured completely and in principle.
Importantly then, this does not require particular behaviours to be always and in every place made illegal (which is the semi- or mostly-held view of many conservative Christians). Prostitution, for instance, though not God’s intent for sexuality, is nonetheless not to be made illegal, merely because it attracted the death penatly under Isreal’s law. The same goes for adulterous and homosexual acts. Why? Have God’s intentions changed? No, but Jesus has become the better, permanent and effective expression of God’s intent for humanity, and He alone supports the whole of the messianic burden.
So let me repeat the crucial point: no legal system bears (any longer) the burden of forging a messianic human identity. Such has already been done in Christ.
However, this is not to say that the law should be indifferent to the requirements of redemption, or to the inculteration of good and the banishment of evil. Far from it! But what redemption requires, in a given time and place, depends on the character and culture of the people for whom the laws are made.
Greater forces than the law are always at work, and the legal framework must constantly respond to the current situation, bringing about as much justice and impetus for redemption as possible. Here and now, prostitution might better be decriminalised; there and then, it might best be illegal. We must always have ready that most infuriating (but demanding) qualification, “it depends”.
And therefore, we should pray for the lawmakers. They need a great deal of wisdom!